A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life

Reading II

A. Consult a dictionary or the internet and define the following words/phrases.

a. wonderfood → a food that is considered to be very good for your health and that may even cure some illnesses

b. cardiovascular diseases → diseases of the heart and blood vessels

c. bioeconomy → the part of the economy that uses renewable biological resources from land and sea

d. demographic change → changes in the structure of a population

e. multidisciplinary approach → an approach that involves people from different disciplines working together

f. economic inequalities → differences in the income and wealth of different households

g. neurological disorders → diseases of the brain, spine, and the nerves that connect them

h. biomarkers → a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition

B. Complete the sentences below with one of the words in red from the text above.

a. The children were especially delighted that there were enough cookies for each of them to have two.

b. The organization held its annual conference in New York this year. The health ministers of more than forty countries attended it.

c. It is an innovation that makes any organization a successful one.

d. Your life changes dramatically if you perform well in your study.

e. Mr. Gurung is leaving the job because of cardiovascular disease.

f. Early diagnosis of a disease helps us to cure it soon.

g. We have faced an unprecedented level of climate change at present.

h. The patient may need blood work or other biomarkers to determine his specific health problem.

i. The world looked for different multidisciplinary approaches to find the solution to COVID-19.

C. Choose the best alternatives to complete the following sentences.

a. The greatest public health challenge at present is …………………
iii. obesity.

b. The Joint Programming Initiative will bring the …………………
iv. Knowledge of member states together.

c. The health care innovation chain begins from …………………
i. researchers.

d. The need behind multidisciplinary approach is …………………
iv. the lack of progress in research and innovation.

e. Through this speech, the speaker wants to …………………
iv. appeal to the members of EU for collaboration for research and innovation.

D. Answer the following questions.

a. What topic is the speaker talking about when she says, "It's a topic that's never out of the media…?

The topic the speaker is talking about when she says, "It's a topic that's never out of the media..." is "A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life" and related research and innovation in the context of public health challenges.

b. According to the speaker, what is the cause of obesity among children in the EU?

According to the speaker, the cause of obesity among children in the EU is the trend of poor diet and low physical activity, which has been getting even worse over the last three decades.

c. What should people do to prevent themselves from the diseases like type 2 diabetes?

People should adopt better lifestyles and healthier diets to prevent diseases like type 2 diabetes.

d. What is Horizon 2020?

Horizon 2020 is Europe’s 80-billion euro research and innovation program.

e. Why is research very important to fight against the health challenges?

Research is very important to fight against health challenges because it provides valuable insights into preventing and modifying chronic conditions.

f. What result can Horizon 2020 give if it is implemented effectively?

If implemented effectively, Horizon 2020 can make excellent progress in research and innovation for healthy diets and healthy lives.

g. What results does the speaker expect from the conference?

The speaker's expectations from the conference include that Horizon 2020 will provide funding for top-tier research on nutrition, health, diet-related diseases, and aging. This research will be translated into innovative and effective solutions such as products, treatments, services, and strategies. The ultimate aim is to benefit all patients and prevent the development of diseases among many individuals.

h. Do you think that the people of the EU will be benefitted by this conference? If yes, what benefits will they get?

Yes, the people of the EU will benefit from this conference. These advantages comprise enhanced knowledge on preventing chronic diseases, the development of innovative and effective products, treatments, services, and strategies, and the creation of opportunities for competitive European businesses.

E. Draft a short speech entitled, ‘Importance of Exercise for Healthy Life ’ and deliver it in a small group.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Today, I want to talk to you about something that is crucial for our well-being - the importance of exercise for a healthy life.

Exercise is not just about lifting heavy weights or running long distances. It's about staying active and moving our bodies regularly. Even simple activities like walking, dancing, or playing outside can make a big difference.

You see, exercise has many benefits for our bodies and minds. It helps to keep our hearts strong, making sure that blood flows smoothly and keeps us energized. It also helps us to maintain a healthy weight, which is important for preventing many health problems.

But exercise is not just about physical health. When we move our bodies, our brains release chemicals that make us feel happy and less stressed. It can boost our mood and help us feel more positive about life.

So, let's make exercise a part of our daily routine. Let's encourage our friends and family to join us in staying active. Together, we can lead healthier and happier lives.

Thank you for listening, and I wish you all a happy and healthy life ahead.

Grammar II

A. Circle the correct words to complete these sentences.

a. The doctor told me do /to do some exercise everyday.
The doctor told me to do some exercise everyday.

b. She said, "Don’t shout /Not to shout."
She said, "Don't shout."

c. The doctor forbade me to eat/not to eat junk food.
The doctor forbade me to eat junk food.

d. I told her, "To speak/Speak slowly."
I told her, "Speak slowly."

e. Sumina promised to tell no one/not to tell anyone.
Sumina promised to tell no one.

f. My mother said, "To get /Get out of bed early!"
My mother said, "Get out of bed early!"

g. The mountain guide warned him to take/not to take the oxygen cylinder.
The mountain guide warned him not to take the oxygen cylinder.

h. Sugam said to me, "Go/To go home and take a rest."
Sugam said to me, "Go home and take a rest."

i. He ordered us we got out /to get out of his way.
He ordered us to get out of his way.

j. The librarian requested them please do not make/not to make a noise.
The librarian requested them not to make a noise.

B. Change the following sentences into indirect speech. Use the reporting verbs in brackets.

a. "Bring some sugar, Punita," she said. (ask)
She asked Punita to bring some sugar.

b. "You must submit your assignment soon," the teacher said. (tell)
The teacher told us that we had to submit our assignment soon.

c. "Remember to come early, Anu," he said. (remind)
He reminded Anu to come early.

d. "You should see a doctor, Mrs. Tamang,’ he said. (advise)
He advised Mrs. Tamang that she should see a doctor.

e. "Keep all the window open, Nona," my father said. (warn)
My father warned Nona to keep all the window open.

f. "Go home, Prashun," Furba said. (tell)
Furba told Prashun to go home.

C. Report the following sentences in direct speech.

a. The hermit said, "Don’t idle away your time."
The hermit told me not to idle away my time.

b. Maan said to his friend, "Please help me with money."
Maan requested his friend to help him with money.

c. "Be not afraid, noble prince", said the Guru.
The Guru told noble prince not to be afraid.

d. He said to me, "Let me do my work."
He told me to let him do his work.

e. The General said to his troops, "Guard the fort."
The General told his troops to guard the fort.

f. Aaswin said to the teacher, "Please excuse me, madam."
Aaswin requested the teacher to excuse him.

g. The guide said to the visitors, "Follow me carefully."
The guide told the visitors to follow him carefully.

h. My teacher said to me, "Don’t look behind."
My teacher told me not to look behind.

i. Mother said to the daughter, "Get ready to receive the guests."
Mother told the daughter to get ready to receive the guests.

j. The boy said to the daughter, "Get ready to receive the guests."
The boy told the daughter to get ready to receive the guests.

k. The teacher said to the boys, "Read silently."
The teacher told the boys to read silently.

l. The coach said, "Let’s play a friendly football match."
The coach suggested us that we should play a friendly football match.

m. The monk said to us, "Give up bad habits."
The monk told us to give up bad habits.

n. Father said to me, "Do not tell a lie."
Father told me not do tell a lie.

Writing II

Obesity has become a matter of concern in recent years. Draft a speech on obesity based on the given guiding questions.
What are the primary causes of obesity?
What are its consequences?
What should an individual do to avoid it?

Ladies and gentlemen,

Today, I want to address a pressing issue that has become a matter of concern in recent years - obesity. This is a topic that affects millions of people around the world and has significant implications for public health and well-being.

Firstly, let's delve into the primary causes of obesity. One of the leading factors is an unhealthy diet. The consumption of processed and high-calorie foods, along with sugary beverages, has increased dramatically in modern society. Additionally, sedentary lifestyles have become prevalent, with many people spending long hours sitting at desks or in front of screens, leading to decreased physical activity.

The consequences of obesity are far-reaching and can have a profound impact on individuals and society as a whole. Health-wise, obesity is linked to various chronic conditions such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain cancers. It can also lead to joint problems and respiratory issues. Moreover, obesity takes a toll on mental health, leading to low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety.

To avoid falling into the trap of obesity, individuals need to take proactive steps towards a healthier lifestyle. Firstly, adopting a balanced and nutritious diet is essential. This means including plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in one's meals and cutting down on processed and unhealthy foods. Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water is also crucial.

In conclusion, obesity is a significant health concern that demands action. Understanding its causes and consequences empowers us to make informed choices. Adopting a balanced diet, staying active, and being mindful can help us combat obesity and build a healthier future. Together, let's take charge of our well-being for a happier life ahead.

Thank you for your attention, and let us all take a pledge to prioritize our health and well-being in the fight against obesity.